Social determinants of health encompass a wide range of factors, including socioeconomic status, education, employment, housing, and access to healthcare services. These determinants play a pivotal role in shaping individuals' health status and their ability to access and utilize healthcare services effectively. Healthcare access and outcomes are intricately linked to social determinants of health, which are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live, work, and age. Research has consistently shown that individuals from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds face barriers to accessing quality healthcare services, leading to disparities in health outcomes. Factors such as income level, education, employment status, and housing stability significantly impact an individual's ability to seek timely and appropriate healthcare. Moreover, systemic issues such as racial and ethnic disparities, lack of health insurance, and geographic barriers further exacerbate these inequalities. The article synthesizes current research findings and discusses the complex interplay between social determinants of health and healthcare access and outcomes. By understanding and addressing these social determinants, healthcare systems can work towards reducing health disparities and improving overall population health.