Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is a highly valued plant, distributed in many countries of the tropics and subtropics. Moringa is best known as excellent source of nutrition and a natural energy booster. It is cultivated for various purposes like vegetable, spice, medicine, cosmetic oil. Different parts of this plant such as the flower, seed, immature pod, stem bark, leaf and root are being employed for the treatment of different ailments in the indigenous system of medicine, due to possible antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and lipid regulating properties, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-ulcer, anti-hepatotoxic, anti-hepatotoxic, antihypertensive, anti-hyperlipidaemic, antidiabetic, antispasmodic, antiepileptic, antipyretic, and analgesic properties. The Moringa plant provides a rich and rare combination of zeatin, quercetin, beta sitosterol, caffeoylquinic acid and kaempferol, alkaloids, flavonoids. In addition to its compelling water purifying powers and high nutritional value, M. oleifera is very important for its medicinal value. The present review is therefore, an effort to give a detailed survey of the literature on its nutritional and pharmacological properties and intends to provide the information on the root of Moringa oleifera.