Background: Radiation safety is a critical concern in medical settings due to the potential risks posed by ionizing radiation exposure to both patients and healthcare workers. While various imaging modalities contribute to radiation exposure, fluoroscopic procedures present the highest dose for medical staff. Despite the importance of radiation protection training in minimizing exposure, adherence to safety guidelines can be lacking, especially among clinicians using fluoroscopy outside dedicated departments. Understanding radiation exposure risks and dose reduction techniques is crucial as medical radiation use increases. Objective: This review aims to assess nurses' current knowledge and practices regarding radiation safety measures, evaluate the effectiveness of existing training programs, explore barriers faced by nurses in implementing safety protocols, and propose recommendations for enhancing radiation safety and protection in healthcare settings. Conclusion: Nurses play a vital role in administering radiation therapy and diagnostic procedures, making their adherence to safety protocols crucial. Studies reveal gaps in nurses' knowledge, highlighting the need for ongoing education and training. Barriers such as lack of awareness, inadequate resources, and time constraints hinder compliance with safety measures. Recommendations include minimizing exposure duration, increasing distance from radiation sources, and using physical shielding. Improving education, ensuring access to proper equipment, and promoting consistent adherence to safety protocols are essential for safeguarding nurses, patients, and the public from the harmful effects of radiation exposure.