Recurrent miscarriage (RM) is a condition that occurs when three otherwise more independent & consecutive miscarriages happen throughout the first twenty weeks of pregnancy. Although the pathogenesis of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) differs in reliance on the gestational age & maternal age, multiple mechanisms may ultimately converge on a common pathway that initiates the loss of pregnancy. Frequent mechanisms encompass chromosomal errors occurring in the fetus-maternal interface &collapse of the aforementioned junction, both of which lead to hemorrhaging, cramping, and miscarriage. Several risk factors, including structural uterine abnormalities & autoimmune disorders, have been linked to recurrent pregnancy loss; however, the reasons why they affect only a subset of pregnancies and not all remain unknown. In more than fifty percent of women, no risk factors for pregnancy loss are identified. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are autoantibodies that target substances contained within the cellular nucleus. ANAs are generally divided into two categories: those that target nuclear material, and those that target DNA and histones. Antibodies specific to DNA and histones consist of anti-dsDNA & anti-histone antibodies, respectively. The remaining category comprises an additional nuclear antigen that is targeted. The anti-Smith antibody was the initial one to be identified within this particular category. In laboratories, indirect immunofluorescence is the most prevalent method for ANA detection. The outcome is quantified in titers, a unit intended to denote the concentration of the antibody in the blood. A low titer of positive ANA is frequently detected in women who are in good health; conversely, the presence of high titers (>1:160) is significantly correlated with autoimmune disorders.