Food poisoning is a significant public health concern worldwide, leading to a substantial number of emergency department visits each year. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology of food poisoning cases presenting to emergency departments and the crucial role that nurses play in the early identification and management of these cases. The review synthesizes current literature on the incidence, demographics, common pathogens, and clinical presentations of food poisoning cases seen in emergency departments. Additionally, it explores the challenges faced by healthcare providers in diagnosing and treating food poisoning, emphasizing the importance of prompt recognition and intervention to prevent severe complications. Furthermore, the review highlights the key responsibilities of nurses in triaging, assessing, and initiating appropriate interventions for patients presenting with food poisoning symptoms. The role of nurses in patient education, monitoring, and follow-up care is also discussed, emphasizing their vital contribution to improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with foodborne illnesses. Overall, this review underscores the critical need for healthcare providers, particularly nurses, to be well-equipped with the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively manage food poisoning cases in emergency department settings.