In this paper, the researcher looked at the synthesis mechanisms and the working principle of different fluorophores within the human body in a brief manner. The early detection of cancer cells was necessary for the detection and treatment of cancer patients. Previously, surgical procedures, as well as radiological imaging were widely used for the detection of cancer cells. But, in recent years fluorescence imaging for the detection of cancer cells become widely popular. The process works on the principle that, the fluorophores which are tagged with proteins or antibodies, were bind to the enzymes or proteins involved in the completion of a cell cycle. Various fluorophores like “fluorescence green”, “fluorescence orange”, and “fluorescence red”, as well as methylene blue, indocyanine green, and fluorescein are widely used. Once the fluorophores bind with the target proteins, they started to emit excited fluorescent light, these light waves were detected by the fluorescent detector present at the end of the machine. However, the synthesis of fluorophore molecules involves very complex mechanisms. Any deviation of the level of those from a normal standard can help physicians to identify the cancer cells.