Aerosols are microscopic particles that float in the air. Their size is insignificant, but their impact on the weather and climate is enormous. They are solid or larger particles that are dispersed in the air. Aerosols are now recognized as having the potential to act as climate's 'Atmospheric Switches.' Aerosols are important in acclimating the current climate to more unpredictable and chaotic weather patterns all over the world. The presence of particulate aerosols in the atmosphere has become a peculiar signature of the unusual weather changes that are being observed around the world. From causing a continental escalation of atmospheric/oceanic temperatures to global dimming, aerosols play an important role. Because of many new findings of their significant direct and indirect effects on climate (e.g., by altering temperature, cloud, radiation, and precipitation) and the large uncertainties in our estimates of aerosol forcing on climate, the aerosol is becoming a central theme in climate research. Many ground-breaking findings on a wide range of aerosol effects were reported in the following years referred to as the "exploratory phase" of aerosol research. Aerosols play a role in the suppression of precipitation and the slowing of hydrological cycles caused by dust storms, as well as air pollution and fire smoke plumes. Other noteworthy findings include a lower solar radiation budget at the surface than at the top of the atmosphere due to absorbing aerosols, as well as strong radioactive heating in the atmosphere due to the mixing state of black carbon.