Saliva plays a significant part in preserving the health of the oral cavity. It has a strong antibacterial effect and aids in lubrication and mastication. Water, glycoproteins, enzymes, antibacterial agents, and electrolytes are all present in human saliva. A decrease in salivary flow is one of the most common adverse reactions of diabetes, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, Sjogren syndrome, several systemic diseases, and patients with craniofacial deformities. The first line of therapy for increasing salivary flow is pharmacotherapy. Systemic use of cholinergic medications increases salivary flow. To sustain and enhance the salivary flow, salivary substitutes are also used. Saliva is a viscoelastic fluid with significant surface activity from a biophysical perspective. The biophysical characteristics of commercial artificial saliva used to treat issues affecting the salivary glands should be similar to that of natural saliva. This article aims to provide an overview of the various aspects of a salivary substitute.