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ISSN 2063-5346
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Overview of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

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Marwa Ahmed Mohamed Abd Al Rahman, Mostafa Mohamed Zaitoun, Mohamed Sabry Mohamed, Wael Sabry Nossair, Basem Mohamed Hamed
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.1.452

Abstract

Worldwide preeclampsia (PE) is the first cause of maternal mortality, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and fetal prematurity. Despite years of research in the field of HDP, there remains a lack of consensus on the classification / definition of HDP. Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) are classified into one of four disorders; gestational hypertension, chronic Hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia. Both chronic Hypertension and preeclampsia can be subclassified as either mild or severe. For chronic hypertension, sub classification is dependent on systolic and diastolic values. For preeclampsia, sub classification is dependent on the severity of end organ involvement. Severe forms of preeclampsia are: HELLP syndrome and eclampsia. HELLP syndrome (Hemolysis of Red Blood Cells "RBCs", Elevated liver enzymes, and Low platelets) is a multisystem disease. Eclampsia is the development of seizures in the pre-eclamptic patient. The onset of convulsions in a woman with preeclampsia that cannot be attributed to other causes is termed "eclampsia". The seizures are generalized and may appear before, during, or after labor. In older studies, up to 10% of eclamptic women, especially nulliparas, did not develop seizures until after 48 hours postpartum. Preeclampsia considered a major imitator because the signs and symptoms are similar with a lot of diseases. Characteristic sign and symptoms present with in twenty weeks of gestation. For the diagnosis of preeclampsia, both increase blood pressure and Proteinuria must be present.

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