In the present scenario, lots of research is going on regarding the utilisation of waste heat for other applications. Lots of technologists are finding or searching for various types of materials for the storage of waste heat. In this paper, existing materials for sensible thermal heat storage are studied. Different existing materials for sensible heat-based thermal energy storage materials are clay, feolite, alumina, steel balls, concrete, etc. A wide range of materials is available. After the brief study, lots of thermal energy storage materials exist. All existing materials must have different properties, such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusion, thermal expansion, etc. Heat storage by these materials depends on various factors such as diameter, length, heat transfer coefficient, and temperature differences. The focus of this paper is to find out the optimal result based on different parameters of heat storage material. In a packed bed thermal energy storage system, the arrangement of the materials in the bed and the shape of the materials play an important role during the charging or discharging of packed bed thermal energy storage. In this research paper, the analysis is done in two phases for three different materials (rock, brick, and feolite) having the same size. In the first phase, the sensible heat storage materials are analysed on the basis of Abaqus software, and in the second phase, full factorial DOE is applied for optimisation