The aim of this study was designed to determine the effect of hypertension on the level of lipid fractions and percentage of fatty acids in serum. The study included 50 patients with hypertension, blood was taken after 10-12 h fasting. The age of patients was between 60 and 80 years. Blood samples from (50) normal subject with the same age were collected as control. The patients samples collection were from the medical word. A number of biochemical parameters were measured using enzymatic kits methods also the analysis and the measurement of percentage of fatty acids in fatty component of serum (cholesterol ester (CE), phospholipids (PL) and triglyceride (TG)) separated by thin layer chromatography(TLC) followed by transmethylation of fatty acids and measurement of fatty acids percentage using Capillary Gas Chromatography (CGC). The result of this study showed that there is a significant differences in the level of studied biochemical parameters and fatty acids percentage in hypertension patients compared with the control group. The results of this study also showed that a significant increase in level of (TG) in serum of hypertension patients. The result showed that a significant increase in percentage of (PUFA) in (PL) part.