Fauna and flora play an integral part in environmental ecosystem since time immemorial. Its diversity depends on the climate, topography, rainfall and other geomorphological characters of the particular landscape, place and time, that are intricately related with each other. Upper Gangetic valley has an elaborate network of perennial rivers, monsoonal climate whereas lower Gangetic valley has swampy southern part that is merging with Bay of Bengal. As a result the geographical character of the whole region is riverine in character that has a very strong impact on the floral and faunal world of this region. On the other hand, terracotta plays a significant part in Indian art parallel to stone. There was a prolific production of terracotta’s in early historic period in India with special reference to Ganga valley. Gangetic valley has an elaborate network of perennial rivers as a result the region is riverine in character. The easy availability of suitable clay in riverine plains has made terracotta or “baked clay” as the most common and cheapest medium of art expression from the ancient time. The beautiful depiction of flora and fauna is one of the most outstanding representations of sensitiveness of artistic activity. The present paper throws light on the faunal diversity represented in terracotta art of concerned period.