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ISSN 2063-5346
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Evaluation of bioactive content and pharmacological properties of Caladium bicolor extracts

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S. Dineshbabu, S.R. Brintha
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.si4.118

Abstract

The investigation looks at the phytochemical constitution, antimicrobial, and antioxidant properties of Caladium bicolor methanol extracts. Standard techniques were used for the chemical and biological analyses. The extracts contained varied amounts of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, and steroids, according to the phytochemical screening. Carbohydrates were found in abundance in the samples, particularly in the butanol and methanol extracts. Steroids were also found in high concentrations in all solvent extracts except ethanol extracts. Except for aqueous extracts, saponin was not found in any of the solvent extracts. Using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer, the extract of plant was scanned in the wavelength range of 248 to 420 nm, and the characteristic peaks were found. The spectra ranged from 802.93 to 3343.71 cm-1 in the IR results of various solvent extracts. The ethanol extracts had the strongest free radical scavenging activity in the DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays (IC50 values of 13.98 and 22.07 µg/ml, respectively). Using the disc diffusion method, different concentrations of Caladium bicolor extracts showed moderate antibacterial and antifungal activity against E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus mutans, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, and Candida albicans. The study's findings suggest that Caladium bicolor may contain natural antibacterial and antioxidant compounds that could be used in medication development.

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