Personalized medicine seeks to revolutionize the healthcare sector by tailoring medications to individual patients, taking into account their unique physiology, drug response, and genetic makeup. The shift from conventional standardized therapy to personalized care is being propelled by several emerging technologies, with three-dimensional (3D) printing playing a significant role. 3D printing is the method of fabricating a three-dimensional object by incrementally adding material in layers, guided by digital blueprints generated by computer software. 3D printing has the ability to produce a wide variety of pharmaceutical dosage forms with varying geometries, release profiles, and combinations of medications. This technology has the potential to be used in a clinical setting for the purpose of administering drugs based on individual requirements. The study explores several 3D printing techniques and their applications in the production of pharmaceutical products for research purposes, emphasizing their strengths and weaknesses. The efficacy of tailored therapy is shown via the customization of dose, release profiles, and the combination of many drugs in a polypill. Additionally, it provides an understanding of how it accommodates various cultures. The importance of its use in a healthcare setting is also highlighted. Additionally, this breakthrough in tailored medicine has uncovered certain challenges that need resolution in order to enhance its efficacy.