Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a quantifiable indicator of the presence of calcium deposits within the walls of the coronary arteries, which are responsible for the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the heart. Numerous risk factors have been linked with coronary artery calcification (CAC), such as advanced age, male sex, tobacco use, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and elevated serum cholesterol concentrations. Furthermore, the etiology of CAC involves both genetic and lifestyle determinants, including dietary habits and physical exercise.