Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. It poses a significant global health burden, with approximately 537 million adults affected worldwide as on 2023. It is associated with a number of serious complications, including microvascular complications (retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy) and macrovascular complications (cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease). This review provides an overview of the microvascular complications associated with Diabetes Mellitus. Neuropathy encompasses various manifestations such as sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction, leading to impairments in daily activities and reduced quality of life. Diabetic nephropathy, characterized by glomerular dysfunction and fibrosis, is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Retinopathy, involving damage to retinal blood vessels, is a leading cause of blindness in adults. Optimal management of glycemic control, blood pressure, and targeted therapies is crucial for preventing and managing diabetes-related complications. Implementing comprehensive strategies that include glycemic control, risk factor modification, and regular screening is essential in reducing the impact of these complications. Advancements in research and treatment modalities are necessary to enhance outcomes and improve the overall well-being of individuals with Diabetes Mellitus