This manuscript provides a comprehensive narrative review of compliance, and quality management within hospital settings and radiation safety practices in clinical radiology, focusing on protocols,. Beginning with an exploration of the historical background of radiation safety since the discovery of X-rays, the manuscript delves into the importance of stringent radiation safety protocols in mitigating risks associated with ionizing radiation. It discusses international guidelines, national regulations, and the pivotal role of regulatory bodies in shaping radiation safety standards. The review extensively covers radiation safety protocols, including patient preparation and education, equipment calibration and maintenance, personnel training, and quality assurance measures. It also explores methods for radiation dose measurement, dose reporting and documentation, and strategies for dose reduction. Compliance assessment procedures, audit frequencies, non-compliance issues, and corrective actions are thoroughly examined, highlighting the significance of staff awareness and a culture of compliance in ensuring patient safety.