Aim: The aim of the current study was clinical and radiographic evaluation of indirect pulp treatment using light cured resin modified calcium silicate compared to light cured calcium hydroxide in second primary molars. Material and methods: This study was conducted on (46) children with deep class I carious lesions in second primary molars, that were randomly allocated to either resin modified calcium silicate (Theracal LC) and light cured calcium hydroxide (Calcimol LC) groups (n=23). After cavity preparation, deep carious lesions were managed using indirect pulp treatment technique followed by placement of bulk fill resin composite as a final restoration. Clinical assessment was conducted after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months, while radiographic assessment was conducted after 6, and 12 months postoperative by two blinded assessors. Statistical analysis was done with statistical significance level set at (P ≤ 0.05). Results: There was no statistical or clinical significant difference between either two materials for all assessed clinical and radiographic parameters at all follow-up periods different follow-up periods. The overall success rate of resin modified calcium silicate (Theracal LC) was 100% and the overall success rate of light cured calcium hydroxide (Calcimol LC) was 95.65% after 12 months. Conclusions: Indirect pulp treatment is a successful technique for treating deep caries in primary teeth with normal or reversibly inflamed pulps. Both light cured calcium hydroxide and light cured calcium silicates can be used successfully as indirect pulp capping agents in primary teeth. Indirect pulp treatment is not a material dependent technique.