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ISSN 2063-5346
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ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND ANTI BIOFILM FORMATION OF NATURAL SPICES AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS FROM DENTAL PLAQUE OF SUBJECTS UNDERGOING ORTHODONTIC TREATMENT FOR PREVENTION OF WHITE SPOT LESIONS. - AN IN VITRO STUDY

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Nisshitha Rao Setvaji, Ravindra Kumar Jain, Pitchaipillai Sankar Ganesh
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.s2.052

Abstract

Orthodontic treatment poses an increased risk of tooth decalcification due to plaque accumulation and biofilm formation around orthodontic appliances. Disruption of biofilm formation activity leads to inhibition of microbial virulence through the utilisation of QS inhibitors. This study was aimed to test three commonly used spices such as Cuminum cyminum (cumin seeds), Trachyspermum ammi (carom seeds) and Trigonella foenumgraecum (fenugreek seeds) for their anti-quorum sensing and antibiofilm activity against S. mutans which is the most common pathogen responsible for white spot lesions in orthodontic subjects. Plaque samples were collected from patients undergoing fixed appliance therapy and biochemical characterization was done. Solvent extraction of the three spices were obtained. In vitro analysis of antimicrobial activity and antibiofilm activity were performed by microdilution and crystal violet staining assay. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of methanol extracts of the spices were tested against S. mutans. At a low concentration level (10mg/ml), the methanol extract of fenugreek seeds and 2.5mg for cumin and carom seeds, potentially inhibited the bacterial growth. At the lowest concentration level of 0.781, 0.390 and 0.195mg/ml of cumin extract significantly reduced the production of biofilm formation in S. mutans to the level of 62%, 60% and 58% respectively. Methanol extract of Cumin seeds had a potential inhibitory effect on the biofilm formation in S. mutans and all three spices showed antimicrobial activity.

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