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ISSN 2063-5346
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A STUDY ON BIOPLASTICS PREPARATION USING BACTERIAL POLYHYDROXY BUTYRATE AND BIODEGRADATION

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1Mahitha S*, 2 Sasi Premila J.M, 3Abiya Chelliah D
» doi: 10.48047/ecb/2023.12.9.116

Abstract

Plastic has become an inevitable material to mankind and hence in use for hundreds of years. But the impact of plastic pollution is a serious threat to the ecosystem as well as to the atmosphere. Plastics need to be replaced with the environmental - friendly biodegradable bioplastics. Polyhydroxybutyrates are the promising bioplastics which are produced by plant sources as well as microbial sources. The current research focuses on bacterial based polyhydroxybuutyrates. Polyhydroxybutyrates can be used as an alternative to conventional plastics and is currently now applied in medical field and tissue engineering applications. Polyhydroxybutyrate producing bacteria were screened and isolated from agricultural soil sample through sudan black blue staining. Large quantities of PHB are produced in minimal essential medium with glucose as the chief carbon source. Bioplastics are prepared through solvent casting technique. To overcome the brittle nature of PHB, they are blended with starch and glycerol. Nitric acid based chemical degradation was done and it was found to be efficient with a gradual decrease in the weight of PHB as the concentration of nitric acid increases. Biodegradation of produced PHB was done with Pseudomonas and Bacillus species and halozone formation was seen in petriplates indicating biodegradability. When degraded under natural soil environment, weight reduction was noted with an overall 88 % weight loss. Thus, PHB is biodegradable and can be used as efficient bioplastics.

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