The transportation sector needs the energy to run the vehicles, this energy getting from fossil fuels. So, the over-dependency on fossil fuels is ascribed to many issues like overcast and pollution which is a major problem. Thus, many researchers tackle these problems and try to accomplish them somewhat. They used biodiesel in place of fossil fuels. After that the addition of new advancement is nanoparticles in base fuel. Multifold nanoparticles are used in research due to their thermophysical and thermochemical properties. The nanoparticles exhibited a large surface area and immense surface-to-volume ratio, improved the fire point, flash point, pour point, thermal conductivity and combustion process, etc. These all phenomena depend on different sizes of nanoparticles, different concentrations, and base fuel that mixes the nanoparticles. The aims of using this type of fuel are to reduce toxicity and increase the performance of the engine. Researchers have analyzed performances and emissions of the engine with regards to their loads, brake power, brake mean effective pressure, speeds, compression ratios, advancement in fuel injection timing. This is a review on the properties of nanoparticles along with biodiesels and their effect on compression ignition engine performance (brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency), combustion parameters (cylinder pressure and exhaust gas temperature) of fuel, and exhaust emissions (NOX, CO, CO2, HC, etc.) to the engine. The results were reported at different operating conditions. This paper summarized the inevitable published works of many researchers who resulted in better consequences in this area of research. This review will help to find out the better nano fuel for enhancing the performances and reducing the emissions of engines for further research