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ISSN 2063-5346
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PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETES PATIENTS RECEIVING CARE IN PRIMARY HEALTHCARE FACILITIES IN SOUTH INDIA: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY

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Dr. Aloukika P Pail, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.si4.269

Abstract

“Diabetic retinopathy (DR)”, which is a common complication of type 2 diabetes, has the potential to result in visual impairment and blindness. The current study sought to ascertain the prevalence of DR and related risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients in South India who use primary healthcare facilities. Materials and Procedures: Five hundred subjects with type 2 diabetes who were utilising primary healthcare facilities in South India participated in a cross-sectional study. The patients got a thorough eye examination, and information on their demographic and clinical features was obtained by reviewing their medical records. Results: The majority (62.4%) were female, with a mean age of 56.5 years (SD=9.7). Diabetes lasted 9.4 years (SD=6.4). Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was 8.5% (SD=1.4), and fasting blood glucose was 156.3 mg/dL (SD=48.7). DR prevalence: 203 (40.6%) of 500 study participants had DR, while 297 (59.4%) did not. The logistic regression study found that longer-term diabetes, poor glycemic control (HbA1c > 7%), and greater systolic blood pressure all increase the risk of DR. However, age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and alcohol use did not increase DR risk. Conclusion: This study found that South Indian primary care patients with type 2 diabetes have significant rates of DR. DR risk factors include long-term diabetes, poor glycemic management, and high systolic blood pressure. To avoid DR, early detection and care of diabetes and its risk factors are crucial.

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