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ISSN 2063-5346
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ISOLATION, PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION, AND POTENTIAL OF AMYLUM RHIZOMES AS EXCIPIENTS IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL FIELD

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Neni Sri Gunarti1, Nia Yuniarsih2, Farhamzah3, Theshinta Berliana Widjaya4
» doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.3.012

Abstract

Currently, Indonesia is still importing excipients to meet 100% of the pharmaceutical industry's needs, one of which is starch or starch which is the main excipient in tablet preparations. On the other hand, Indonesia has the potential for tropical starch which can be produced from local rhizome plant species which are the main source of starch production. One of the starch components is amylose and amylopectin, which are insoluble in cold water but can absorb and diffuse large amounts of water and can be used as disintegrants and tablet binders. The purpose of this study is to identify different types of amylum and physical characteristics, especially from the rhizomes of turmeric (Curcumadomestica), Temurawak (Curcuma xanthoriza), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and red ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum). was. Black tem (Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.), White tem (Curcuma zedoaria (Berg.) Roscoe), Zingiber littorale Val (Lempuyang Pahit), Zingiber zerumbet (Lempuyang Gajah), Zingiber aromaticum Val (Lempuyang Wangi). Using experimental methods, our study aimed to identify carbohydrates, starch characteristics, and phytochemical screening. From the studies that have been conducted on the rhizome plants, it was found that the starch obtained all met the requirements as an excipient for tablet preparations. However, from the flow properties test they did not meet the requirements as an excipient for tablets manufactured directly (direct compression) with amylose and amylopectin levels for each rhizome being 38.79% : 61.21%, 43.96% : 56.04%, 22.51% : 77.49%, 42.86% : 57.14%, 50.47% : 49.53%, 62.99% : 37.01%, 51.09% : 48.91%, 55.9% : 44.1%, and 65.09% : 34.81%. Amylum or starch in the pharmaceutical field is used as a binder-disintegrant for tablet preparations.

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