Hypertension is a serious challenge worldwide. It is one of the most prevalent conditions seen today by researchers in both developed and underdeveloped countries. Depending upon progression of systolic and diastolic blood pressure it is classified into prehypertension, stage 1 and 2 hypertension. Modification in the lifestyle is an initial stage but pharmacological treatment is necessary when it become difficult to control it. In regular practice, drug therapy is being selected from diuretics, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers and renin angiotensin system inhibitors either alone or in combination for both initial and maintenance therapy. Choice of drug depends upon favorable effects in specific clinical setting. This article is all about the reasons and treatments of hypertension. The article elaborates the common reasons which lead to raise the blood pressure in a normal individual. It also reviews the studies related to the effect of different factors of our daily life on the blood pressure.