In this article, the development dynamics and structure of tissue structures of the trachea and bronchial walls of infants under one year of age have been investigated. It has been proven that all the layers of the tracheal wall are not well developed at the age of one month of the babies, that the covering epithelium changes from multi-rowed to single-layered, the private plate changes from unformed connective tissue to forming tissue, and the larynx changes from a sparse chondroid and cellular structure to a dense chondromatous tissue with small cells