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ISSN 2063-5346
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Different Types of Enzyme Production Ability by Halophilic Bacteria Isolated from Bay of Bengal Water

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Dr. Tanmay Ghosh
ยป doi: 10.31838/ecb/2023.12.sa1.254

Abstract

Halophiles are excellent sources of enzymes that are not only salt stable but also can withstand and carry out reactions efficiently under extreme conditions. The aim of the study was to isolate and study the diversity among halophilic bacteria producing enzymes of industrial value. Screening of halophiles from various saline habitats of India led to isolation of 108 halophilic bacteria producing industrially important hydrolases (amylases, lipases and proteases). They belonged to moderately halophilic group of bacteria exhibiting salt requirement in the range of 3โ€“20%. There is significant diversity among halophiles from saline habitats of India. Preliminary characterization of crude hydrolases established them to be active and stable under more than one extreme condition of high salt, pH, temperature and presence of organic solvents. It is concluded that these halophilic isolates are not only diverse in phylogeny but also in their enzyme characteristics. Halophilic enzymes are potentially useful in many industries, particularly in food fermentation, pharmaceutical, textile, and leather for the treatment of saline and hypersaline wastewaters. In this study, halophilic bacteria were isolated from saline water. Two isolates were selected on the basis of their colony morphology and gram staining and screened for their ability to produce commercially important hydrolytic enzymes as amylase, protease and lipase. The result show that Enterobacter soli strain MP2 and Enterobacter asburiae strain are the highest amylase, protease and lipase producing strain. Bacteria were isolated from three hypersaline sites, in solid medium supplemented with various salt concentrations ranging from 0 to 330 g/L. Physical and chemical characteristics of samples from the isolation site were determined to suggest eventual correlations with the occurrence of the halophilic bacteria. Assays on enzymatic activities were performed in submerged cultures in the presence of various salt concentrations and appropriate substrates.

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