Thyroid gland is an important endocrine gland which secretes hormone thyroxine. Thyroxine controls basal metabolic rate and body growth. The hormonal imbalance may lead to hypo or hyperthyroidism with or without Goitre. Goitre is any swelling of thyroid gland which can be neoplastic or non-neoplastic condition. This study was undertaken to study the prevalence of pathological conditions, age and gender distribution associated with goiter by the procedure of FNAC in people in and around Kadapa. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of pathological conditions, age and gender distribution associated with goiter by the procedure of FNAC MATERIAL & METHODS: This is a retrospective study. The data was collected from cytology registers of Pathology department of FIMS Hospital, Image diagnostics and Seetha Diagnostics, Kadapa during the two-year period from January 2021 to December 2022. The data collected as above was systematically analysed and reviewed for age and sex distribution, clinical presentation and cytological diagnosis