Background: Dental implants are commonly used for replacement of teeth owing to their high success rate. Though medical grade titanium/ titanium alloy-based dental implants are considered as biocompatible, long term effects of these materials in/on host tissues need be addressed. Research quoting titanium toxicity has been increasingly reported in recent times. Aim: The aim of this systematic review is to find the plausible answer for the research questions “Do dental implants corrode? If so, “What are the effects of their by-products.” Methodology: Literature search was done using key words such as ("dental implants"[MeSH Terms] OR ("dental"[All Fields] AND "implants"[All Fields]) AND ("titanium"[MeSH Terms] OR "titanium"[All Fields]) AND ("corrosion"[MeSH Terms] OR "corrosion"[All Fields]), “titanium implant toxicity,” “titanium implant corrosion,” from data bases i.e., MEDLINE (PubMed), Cochrane Library, Embase and Google Scholar from time line year 1990 to 2019. Data was filtered using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The literature reports were collectively analysed and findings are reported using PRISMA guidelines. Results: 36 Literature reports were analysed. Invitro studies demonstrated release of Ti, V, Al ions from titanium implants/ analogues while subjected to various environments mimicking oral cavity. Animal studies showed, presence of ions in the adjoining tissues and also in distant organs. The effects of the released ions initiated proinflammatory response in invitro and animal studies. Limited human studies are available for drawing conclusions. Conclusions: Literature evidence indicates that titanium /alloy dental implants do corrode under specific circumstances. However, longitudinal studies in larger human population are required for establishing hypothesis.