Background: Ascites can be because of portal hypertension or non-portal hypertension causes. We studied the role of serum ascites albumin gradient and the ascitic fluid total protein in case of portal hypertension and nonportal hypertension ascites. We conducted this study to evaluate the efficacy of SAAG and AFTP in the portal hypertension and non-portal hypertension related ascites. Methods: This was a single centre hospital-based cross-sectional study conducted in patients admitted to the Krishna hospital under medicine wards and ICU over a period of 18 months from October 2020 to March 2022. 90 cases of ascites were studied in detail for clinical signs and symptoms, type of ascites, relation of SAAG and AFTP in ascites. Results: The mean age of the patients was 51.74 ±10.76 years. Out of 90 patients 76.67% were males. The majority of patients presented with abdominal distension, 88 (97.78%) cases followed by swelling of limbs in 62 (68.89%). Most common sign was ascites seen in all cases (100%), followed by splenomegaly in 62 cases (65.56%) and pedal oedema in 54 cases (60%). We had 14 cases with SAAG of <1.1 gm% (15.56%) and we had 76 cases with SAAG of ≥1.1 gm% (84.44%). It was observed that majority of patients with SAAG ≥1.1 gm% had portal hypertension related ascites (64 out of 65 patients) with statistically significant relation. (P<0.001) The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of SAAG was 98.46%, 52% and 92.86% respectively. Positive predictive value of SAAG was 84.21% and Negative predictive value of SAAG was 92.86%. On comparison, we found that the SAAG had better sensitivity of 98.46%, specificity of 52% and accuracy of 85.56% to diagnose it as compared to AFTP with sensitivity of 78.63%, specificity of 42.09% and accuracy of 65.63%. Conclusion: Our study concludes that SAAG can easily predict portal hypertension related ascites, with SAAG of ≥1.1 gm% having sensitivity and accuracy of 98.46% and 92.86% respectively.