The most important source of water is groundwater available throughout the year. Patna is one of the densely populated cities of the world with population 60 lakhs. Even though the water quality is not the best one, no suitable sample was found with high concentration of fecal and coliform bacteria. The water was not wholesome but it was potable. Water quality parameters such as alkalinity nitrate and TDS suits well above the drinking water standards. The drinking water possess the most challenges in the country like India and also in Patna. Rapid urbanization puts pressure on needs of human society and in times to come one would have to fully rely on packaged drinking water with economic losses for marginalized sections of society. Safe drinking water is a basic human need. Freshwater is a basic human need. Climate changes EL-NINO EL-NINA leads to increased water. Access to safe drinking water is a global concern. 80% of communicable diseases are related to poor environmental and health conditions due to unsafe drinking water and also poor hygiene and practices of good sanitation. Finding safe water to drink is a global concern.